Hue University Journal of Science: Agriculture and Rural Development

Effects of differrent diets on growth performance and egg-carrying ratio of rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis)

2023-10-23T01:28:25+07:00

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different diets on the growth performance and egg-carrying ratio of rotifer. The experiment was designed as completely randomly designed, including three diets with 3 replications: NT1 (100% Nannochloropsis oculata); NT2 (50% baker’s yeast + 50% Nannochloropsis oculata); and NT3 (100% Selco S.parkle). The results showed that water quality parameters were within the suitable ranges for growing rotifer. After 8 cultured days, the highest density of rotifer was in NT3 (276 ind/mL) and was significantly different from other treatments (p < 0,05). Similarly, the highest population growth rate of rotifer was in NT3 (0.25%) on the sixth day. Also, the highest percentage of egg-carrying rotifer was also in NT3 (32.93%) and was significantly different from other treatments (p < 0,05). The results recommend that Selco S.parkle should be used to enhance the growth performance and biomass of rotifer.

Characteristics of antimicrobial resistance of streptococcus suis isolated from local pigs in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province

2023-11-30T08:19:41+07:00

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a Gram-positive bacterium, a common cause of disease in pigs, and is a zoonotic pathogen. The objective of this study was to determine the infection rate, and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of S. suis isolated from local pigs in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province. S. suis was isolated using on blood agar, and identified by PCR method; the antimicrobial resistance was assessed by disk diffusion method and the antimicrobial resistance genes were detected by PCR. The results showed that 33,33% of the samples were positive for S. suis. Most of S. suis isolates were susceptible to neomycin, gentamicin, and erythromycin; but resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and tetracycline. The results also showed that, amoxicillin and tetracycline resistance were significantly positively correlated with penicillin resistance; enrofloxacin and gentamicin were significantly negatively correlated with penicillin and ampicillin. A high percentage of S. suis isolates carried gyrA and parC genes (75.61%), Sul1 (70.73%), and ermB (29.27%). There was 92.68% of S. suis isolates showed multidrug resistance and 82.93% of the isolates carried multiple antimicrobial resistance genes.

Current status of coconut cultivation in Ben Tre province, Vietnam

2023-10-25T01:10:17+07:00

Coconut is an important cash crop in Ben Tre Province, Vietnam, which has a lot of value. This study aimed to determine the current status of coconut cultivation in Ben Tre province through secondary data collected from the Ben Tre Provincal Statistical Office as well as primary data provided by 150 farmers in five coconut cultivated districts consisting of Chau Thanh, Giong Trom, Ba Tri, Thanh Phu, and Binh Dai via participatory interview method. The results showed that coconut planting and harvesting areas in Ben Tre province have been a significant increase over the period from 2012 to 2022, with production increasing by 1.6 times, reaching 686,279 tonnes in 2022. The predominant coconut cultivated method was specialised farming, with most households using tall coconut varieties. Planting density ranged from 160 to 240 trees per hectare. Flowering of the coconut plants was within 3 to 6 years of planting. Fertilization application was 4 to 6 times year^-1 during the business period. Besides, insect pests and diseases on the coconut plants had been controlled by pesticides with 3 to 6 times per year. Coconut fruit yields were depended on variety and cultivation techniques, averaging 80 to 100 fruits tree^-1 year^-1 and 40 to 80 fruits tree^-1 year^-1 for dwarf and tall coconuts, respectively. The investment cost for coconut gardens ranged from 10 to 30 million VND hectare^-1 year^-1, with average incomes of 30 to 100 million VND hectare^-1 year^-1, yielding profits of 30 to 60 million VND hectare^-1 year^-1.

Evaluation of antagonistic ability against by colletotrichum fructicola CL5 causing anthracnose disease on chilli by β-1,3-glucanase producing bacillus spp.

2023-12-13T01:12:03+07:00

β-1,3-glucanase is a crucial enzyme for the development of plants. It is involved in the maturation of seeds, floral development, and cell division. Furthermore, β-1,3-glucanase prevents the spreading of diseases by fungal pathogens to plants. This study chose two bacterial strains that produced β-1,3-glucanases, including Bacillus sp. 4 and Bacillus sp. 41 to attract fungus pathogen C. fructicola CL5 in chili inhibition ability. The results indicated Bacillus sp. 41. (secreted highest enzyme activity of 1,202± 0,04 U/mL after 12 hours of culture), higher than that of Bacillus sp. 4 (enzyme reached maximal of 0,85379 ± 0,04 U/mL after 15 hours of culture). The effect on C. fructicola CL5 growth prevention by the two Bacillus spp. in vitro models resulted in (Bacillus sp. 4: 50,73% after six days and Bacillus sp. 41: 57,39% after 12 days). In this result, β-1,3-glucanase was produced by Bacillus spp. positively contributed to the control of C. fructicola CL5 causing anthracnose disease in chili, which is equal to the commercial fungal pesticide Ridomil.

Infection rate of coccidia in H're chickens raised in the open farm model in Quang Ngai province

2023-12-13T01:13:59+07:00

Coccidiosis is one of the common diseases on chicken, which has caused major impacts on economy of poultry industry. The objectives of this study were to determine the infection rate and the intensity of coccidiosis in H're chicken raised in Nam Thuan farm, Quang Ngai province at different ages, different faecal sample status, and the efficacy of treatment drug used in infected chickens. A total of 350 faecal samples were collected from 6 pens of H’re chicken at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks old. Drug (common name known as DIACOC with mixed rate of 3 g/L of water) for treatment of coccidiosis was used at 4, 5 and 6 week-old of chicken after coccidia oocysts were found in faecal samples. Coccidia oocysts were detected by floating edema method. The results showed that the average infection rate of coccidiosis in H're chickens was 46.85%. In overall, the infection rate increased onwards from 2^nd week-old (11.11%) to 4^th week-old (87.5%) and decreased from 5^th week-old (67.53%) to 6^th week-old (52.78%) of the chickens. The infection rate varied depending on faecal status. The results also indicated that the infection rate of coccidiosis in H’re chicken was decreased to 7.5% after a week of applying drug treatment. The findings of this research provide a valuable insight into coccidiosis prevention and treatment in chickens, especially for H’re chicken.

A Some morphological characteristics and identification of A Hum bamboo tree in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province

2024-01-25T07:42:32+07:00

A Hum bamboo is a versatile plant that serves many purposes in the lives of people in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province. In this study, we evaluated the morphological characteristics of A Hum bamboo at Hong Bac commune, Hong Thuy commune, and A Luoi town. We also identified this bamboo species using molecular biology methods. Our findings showed that the 8-year-old A Hum bamboo trees have an average height of 12.34-13.04 m and an average base diameter of 3.83-5.24 cm. The average internode length at the 5th position is 26.41-27.92 cm, at the 10th position is 32.14-33.67 cm, and at the 15th position is 39.32-41.34 cm. The average leaf width ranges from 2.29-5.16 cm, while the average leaf length ranges from 17.98-24.54 cm. The diameter of the bamboo shoot ranges from 3.50-5.83 cm, and the weight of the bamboo shoot ranges from 0.58-1.11 kg per shoot. The molecular biological classification results using the rbcL gene region of the chloroplast genome indicated that the rbcL gene region size of 30 A Hum bamboo samples was approximately 597 bp. The specific A Hum bamboo species found in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam is Gigantochloa verticillata HUIB_AH01. The results of this research will contribute to supplementing the scientific basis for restoring and sustainably developing A Hum bamboo species in the study area.

Farmers’ use of information and communication technologies in farming in Thang Binh district, Quang Nam province

2024-01-16T01:41:07+07:00

To help farmers utilise Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) more effectively, it is important to understand the farmers’ perception of the effectiveness and effect of ICT use in agricultural production. This research examines farmers’ perception of the effectiveness and effect of ICT use in agricultural production. A random sample of 217 was drawn from a total population of 473 farmers farming in Thang Binh district, Quang Nam province. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were applied to analyse the collected data. The study shows that mobile phones, TV and internets were the most common use of ICT tools by farmers. Mobile phones and internet were the most effectiveness of ICT tools as perceived by farmers. It was found that use of ICT could improve agricultural knowledge; (2) enhanced timely agricultural information; (3) increased amount of agricultural information received; (4) improved precision of agricultural information; and (5) strengthened accessing agricultural inputs. A statistically significant relationship existing between impacts of ICT use in agricultural production and farmers’ age (χ²= 17.05, p = 0.004), education level (χ²= 9.78, p = 0.044), gender (χ²= 6.70, p = 0.010), income (χ²= 8.22, p = 0.040) and farm size (χ²= 32.15, p = 0.042) was found. Improving local internet systems and providing short course trainings on the use of mobile phones for production and marketing of agricultural produce can be suitable solutions to enhance the farmers’ use of ICT in agricultural production.

Effect of some farming factors on growth and yield of in vitro centella (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) in Quang Tho commune, Thua Thien Hue province

2024-03-13T01:08:32+07:00

Quang Tho commune is the locality with the largest area of Centella growing in Thua Thien Hue province, with about 70 hectares, of which 52 hectares are produced according to the Vietgap standard. This study investigated the morphological, growth, and yield characteristics of in vitro Centella in Quang Tho commune. The results showed that the growth ability of in vitro origin seedlings was not significantly different from that of natural cuttings or seeds; they had smaller and higher uniform leaves. The in vitro centella shows the best results of leaf morphology, growth, leaf spot disease reduction, and yield when planted in the spring (from 10 to 20/2) with an average planting density (25 plants/m²). The yield reached 6.13 tons/ha with a low disease rate (12.01% after 14 days). Based on the total yield, the suitable duration to harvest is 25-28 days/time (total yield reaches 2.10 kg/m²). Developing a process for growing in vitro centella culture helps provide: Uniform, Disease-free seedlings for planting and helping increase Centella's economic value.