Hue University Journal of Science: Agriculture and Rural Development

Solanum procumbens Lour.: Origin, classification, botanical characteristics, chemical composition, breeding, cultivation, harvesting, pre-processing and processing techniques

Nguyen Van Hoan — 2025-06-30

Solanum procumbens Lour. is a medicinal plant with high economic and many medicinal values such as treating liver diseases, detoxifying alcohol, cooling the body, treating rheumatism, toothache, etc. Because it contains valuable active ingredients, a number of studies on Solanum procumbens have been conducted on chemical composition, breeding techniques, cultivation, processing as well as some information on the origin, classification, and botanical characteristics of it; however, these studies were conducted quite sporadically, the results are from many studies and different sources of information. Therefore, based on the collection and synthesis of secondary research information published in reputable journals and official sources of information (books, newspapers, reports, etc.) in the past, this article systematizes the research results to help readers have the most general information about Solanum procumbens.

Study on antibiotic resistance of Vibrio isolated from hemorrhagic diseased marine fish in cage-cultured in coastal area of Hue city, Vietnam

Nguyen Nam Quang — 2025-06-30

This study aimed to asesss the antibiotic resistance of Vibrio strains isolated from hemorrhagic diseased fish in cage-cultured farms in coastal area of Hue city, Vietnam. The isolated bacterial strains were biochemically characteritized by API20E kit and identified by MALDI-ToF technique. Antibiotic resistance of isolated were determined using the disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA), testing seven antibiotics from seven different groups: Beta-lactams, Aminoglycosides, Macrolides, Fluoroquinolones, Phenicols, Tetracyclines and Sulfonamides were tested. The research results isolated 18 strains of V. alginolyticus, 4 strains of V. parahaemolyticus, and 5 strains of V. vulnificus from hemorrhagic diseased marine fish in cage-cultured in Hue city. All isolates of V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus were susceptible to 5 out of 7 tested antibiotics and resistant to two antibiotics consisting of Oxacillin (1 μg) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (3,75/1,25 μg).

Ecological distribution characteristics of Homalomena ssp. species Thua Thien Hue province

Le Nguyen Thoi Trung — 2025-06-30

In Thua Thien Hue province, Homalomena ssp. are distributed in natural forests in districts/towns from Phong Dien, A Luoi, Nam Dong and Phu Loc. This study reviewed secondary documents and from there determined the distribution areas of the species and conducted field surveys. The distribution areas of Homalomena ssp. have an average temperature of 22–25 °C; average humidity of 85–88%; average annual rainfall of 4,235–5,112 mm. The concentrated distribution altitude of the species is from 100–800 meters above sea level; Common slope is from 15–20 degrees. These species often appear on red-yellow feralit soil from clay and metamorphic rocks (Fs) and red-yellow feralit soil from acid magma rocks (Fa) with average soil layer thickness. The species’ habitat ranges from poor to rich evergreen natural forest. The canopy cover is from 0.4–0.8. The populations encountered during the investigation have a wide spatial distribution range, from average to high population density, and good natural regeneration. From the survey results, the study has created a distribution map of the species, aiming to conserve and establish areas with the potential to build raw material sources in the future.

Biological characteristics of Cordyceps militaris cultured in Hue city

Hoang Xuan Thao — 2025-06-30

In recent years, mushrooms have been interested in as a functional food for human health care, of which Cordyceps is one of them. In addition, Cordyceps is also noted by medical researchers because of its diversity of biological compounds. A study on the biological characteristics of artificially cultivated Cordyceps militaris in Hue city revealed that its external morphology features a deep orange or dark yellow coloration at the tip, gradually fading towards the base, with a height ranging from 5 cm to 7 cm. By double staining method, the tissue characteristics of Cordyceps have many dense crystal grains, the surface has many wrinkles along the length, inside there are small air holes. Research on the biochemical composition of Cordyceps achieved the following values: humidity reached 82,22 ± 0,55%; Reducing sugar content reached 13,79 ± 0,35%; vitamin C content reached 0,83 10^-3 ± 0,03 10^-3%; catalase enzyme activity reached 0,623 ± 0,15 U/mg protein; lipid content 7,00 ± 1,23%, which proves that Cordyceps militaris has high medicinal value.

A Effects of removal or trimming of chelipeds on regeneration, growth rate, and canibalism in Mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) juvenile nursery

Le Tan Phat — 2025-06-30

Cannibalism is a major factor leading to reduced survival rates during the nursery phase of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. The removal or trimming of chelipeds (claws) has been recognized as an effective strategy to limit cannibalism and improve juvenile crab survival. This study aimed to evaluate the regeneration capacity of chelipeds, as well as growth performance, survival rate, and cannibalism incidence under nursery conditions for S. paramamosain. Juvenile crabs were assigned to three treatments: intact crabs (NT-ĐC), crabs with both claw pincers trimmed (NT-K), and crabs with both chelipeds removed (NT-C). After a 30-day nursery period, results showed that crabs in the NT-K and NT-C groups regenerated their claws after two molting cycles. These groups also exhibited significantly higher survival rates and lower cannibalism incidences (types I and II) compared to the control (p < 0.05). No significant differences in growth rate or size variation in carapace length, carapace width, and body weight were observed among treatments (p>0.05). The NT-C treatment achieved the best outcomes, with a survival rate of 60.67%, and cannibalism rates of 16.33% (type I) and 4.33% (type II). Based on these findings, the study recommends cheliped removal as an effective technique in juvenile S. paramamosain nursery practices to enhance survival and reduce cannibalism.

Evaluating the ability of vegetative propagation in several bamboo species at Son Tra district, Danang city

Phan Thu Thao — 2025-06-30

Vietnam is a country with a diverse range of bamboo species; however, the distribution of these species is regio–specific. To establish bamboo collections in Central Vietnam, it is necessary to focus on propagation techniques, planting method, and the care of transplanted species. This study was conducted to evaluate the propagation ability of several typical bamboo species from the Northern region (Vietnam) including Buong moc (Dendrocalamus velutinus), Buong long (Dendrocalamus dienbienensis), Luong (Dendrocalamus barbatus), Bat do (Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro.) and Loc ngoc (Bambusa bicorniculala sp.nov), when transplanted to Son Tra district, Danang city, 2014. Asexual propagation method was applied including root cuttings, culm cuttings and air–layering. Additionally, different irrigating methods and different propagation medias were tested on those propagating materials of five bamboo species. The results indicated that air–layering exhibited a higher survival rate compare to root cuttings, followed by culm cuttings, which had the lowest one. The experiment on irrigating methods and propagating medias did not show a significant effect on the shooting rate and growth performance of tested bamboo materials.

Selection of photosynthetic bacteria from coastal areas of Hue city for protein-rich biomass development in animal feed

Nguyen Thi Thu Lien — 2025-06-30

Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) are microbial groups with high application potential in animal husbandry due to their robust growth, adaptability to artificial conditions, and rich nutritional composition. This study aimed to isolate and select indigenous PSB strains from the coastal areas of Hue city for the development of protein-rich microbial biomass as a supplementary feed source for livestock. From a total of 30 collected samples of coastal sediment and water, 28 PSB strains were successfully isolated. These strains were evaluated for their growth performance under laboratory conditions and key nutritional characteristics. Among them, four strains—ĐH1.2, RC2.2, TH1.4, and LA2.6—demonstrated outstanding growth and notable nutritional profiles, with total protein contents ranging from 36.25% to 50.75%, lipid contents from 9.4% to 11.0%, and carotenoid concentrations from 1.54 to 2.14 mg/mL. These selected strains show strong potential as foundational candidates for further research on the development of localized PSB biomass for sustainable animal feed production.

Study on production, income and consumption of green black beans in Quang Tri province

Trinh Thi Sen — 2025-06-30

The study was conducted to investigate 180 farming households in 03 districts growing green black beans in Quang Tri province to evaluate the production, income and consumption of green black beans in the study area in order to build a basis scientific and practical database to develop this plant more appropriately and effectively. The survey form on production, income and consumption of green black beans was designed by the research team. Then conduct an investigation using secondary and primary data collection methods. The consultation method was used to conduct in-depth interviews with professional staff knowledgeable and experienced in the field of the research. The survey results showed that the area, yield and productivity of green black bean cultivation achieved from low to high and uneven among the households and regions; The pest and disease situation was mild to moderate. The income was average and unstable. The consumption depends mainly on traders and selling prices are unstable. Although green black bean production had some advantages, but there were many difficulties such as an unstable output market, many pests, and price pressure from traders.

Current status of bagarius fish (Bagarius sp.) exploitation and proposed measures for conservation, resource development in Phu Tho province

Trieu Anh Tuan — 2025-06-30

This study was conducted to survey the current status of Bagarius sp. fish resource exploitation, serving as a basis for proposing conservation and resource development measures for this species in Phu Tho province. The survey results show that Bagarius fish is not the main target of local fishermen. The proportion of fishermen who catch Bagarius ranges from 6.7% to 60%. Although fishing activities cover a wide area and the average fishing time on rivers is relatively high (from 4.5 to 7.7 hours per day), the catch yield is quite low (ranging from 4.6 to 128.4 kg per river per year). The resource abundance and density of Bagarius fish in Phu Tho are low, and their distribution area is narrow. This is mainly due to overfishing, the use of destructive fishing gear, and the construction of hydropower dams and sand mining on rivers, which have polluted the water and led to a decline in Bagarius populations. Additionally, fishermen’s awareness of resource conservation and their participation in conservation training programs remain limited. Based on these findings, we propose several measures to conserve and develop Bagarius fish resources in Phu Tho province.

Morphological characteristics and Biometric indicators of Acanthopagrus latus (Houttuyn, 1782) distributed Thuan An seadoor coastal area, Hue City

Nguyen Ty — 2025-06-30

The study provided external morphological characteristics, biometric indicators and sample collection points of Acanthopagrus latus yellowfin in the Tam Giang lagoon, Hue city. The results of morphological analysis of 45 fish sample showed that, fish had an elongated body, flattened on both sides, 44 scales on the sides, and no fluctuation in the number of scales. the number of scales on the lateral line at the 5th dorsal spine is 3.5 rows. The results of the study have also pointed out a number of morphological identification characteristics, which are the basis for further studies on yellowfin bream. The body length and weight of the yellowfin bream have a positive correlation showing an average linear correlation (R² = 0.3973).

The effect of using Rhizobium bacteria in combination with nitrogen fertilizer rates on soybean yield in coastal sandy soil at Quang Dien district, Hue City

Tran Thi Anh Tuyet — 2025-06-30

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a short-term industrial crop with high economic values. The study was conducted in Quang Dien district, Hue city in 2024 to evaluate the combined use effectiveness of Rhizobium bacteria and nitrogen rates on yield, biological nitrogen fixation capacity of soybean and soil properties. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design including main plots (with and without Rhizobium bacteria inoculation) and sub plots with 4 nitrogen rates (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg N/ha). The results showed that nitrogen fertilization rates combined with Rhizobium bacteria in had a positive impact on yield and biological nitrogen fixation capacity of soybean and soil properties. Applicationof 40 kg N/ha combined with Rhizobium bacteria inoculation obtained the highest soybean yield (3.22 tons/ha), while application of 20 kg N/ha combined with Rhizobium bacteria inoculation had the best biological nitrogen fixation efficiency (N_dfa ratio reached 56.97%). Rhizobium bacteria inoculation also contributed to improve pH and some properties of coastal sandy soil. Rhizobium bacteria inoculation can be combined with nitrogen rates from 20 to 40 kg N/ha to both increase yield, ensure biological nitrogen fixation and improve the properties of coastal sandy soil.

Influence of some technological parameters on the quality of essential oil collected from garlic chives leaves (Allium tuberosum)

Nguyen Thi Van Anh — 2025-06-30

This study aimed to determine the distillation parameters for obtaining essential oil from garlic chives (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng), including the raw material treatment methods and the distillation steps. The study focused on the influence of: (i) raw material treatment methods (grinding, grinding combined with ultrasound treatment and grinding combined with microwave treatment); (ii) the ratio of raw materials to water (1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4); and (iii) distillation time (1, 2, 3 and 4 hours) on the yield and quality of essential oil from garlic chives. The results showed that the combination of grinding and ultrasound treatment of raw materials, with a 1:3 raw material-to-water ratio and a 3-hour distillation duration, produced the highest essential oil yield of 0.156%. The essential oil is a light yellow, transparent liquid, with a characteristic pungent smell of garlic chives, and its main components are sulfides, with dimethyl trisulfide constituting the largest proportion (34.56%). The essential oil exhibits antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones of 18.72 mm and 16.69 mm, respectively.

Biomass potential and effects of drying methods on chemical characteristics of Ulva seaweed for biofertilizer production

Duong Thanh Thuy — 2025-06-30

The green macroalgae (Ulva spp.) are commonly found in aquaculture ponds and intertidal zone along the coast of Hue City, Vietnam. The excessive growth of Ulva seaweeds can lead to "green tides," which negatively impact the environment and aquaculture activities. This study evaluated the biomass potential of Ulva as a raw material for biofertilizer production and examined the effects of drying methods on its chemical properties. Results identified two naturally occurring Ulva species in Hue, rich in organic compounds and essential nutrients (N, P, K), making them well-suited for biofertilizer applications. Moisture reduction through drying is essential for preserving and optimizing bioactive compounds' extraction. Forced-air drying at 50°C was determined to be the optimal method, ensuring the retention of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) levels that meet the requirements for biofertilizer production.