Brand equity of e-newspapers in Vietnam: from brand satisfaction to brand loyalty

Keywords

tài sản thương hiệu
nhận thức thương hiệu
niềm tin thương hiệu
giá trị cảm nhận
hài lòng thương hiệu
trung thành thương hiệu
báo điện tử brand equity
brand awareness
brand trust
perceived value
brand satisfaction
brand loyalty
e-newspaper

Abstract

The study analyzes the intricate relationship between Brand Awareness, Brand Trust, Perceived Value, Brand Satisfaction, and Brand Loyalty in the context of e-newspaper brands in Vietnam. Data was collected in both face-to-face and online forms from 303 e-readers of the most popular e-newspapers nowadays, as follows: VnExpress, Dantri, VietNamNet, Tuoi Tre, and Thanh Nien. Collected data are filtered, processed, and analyzed by the PLS-SEM structural model using the SmartPLS tool. The research results have provided an empirical basis for the positive impact of factors influencing brand loyalty and the mediating role of brand satisfaction in the context of e-newspaper brands in Vietnam, thereby contributing enormously to the theoretical basis of the brand equity model.

https://doi.org/10.26459/hueunijed.v133i5B.7462

References

  1. Đại học FPT (2021), Báo cáo nghiên cứu: Thói quen đọc báo và xu hướng phát triển báo điện tử tại Việt Nam năm 2021, Hà Nội: Đại học FPT.
  2. Nielsen Media Research (2022), Digital News Report: Vietnam 2022, Nielsen Media Research.
  3. De Chernatony, L. (2010), Creating powerful brands, Routledge.
  4. Aaker, D. A. (1991), Managing brand equity: Capitalizing on the value of a brand name, New York: Free Press.
  5. Aker, D. (2015), Aaker on branding: 20 Prinsip esensial mengelola dan mengembangkan brand. Jakarta: PT, Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
  6. Liyin, J. I. (2009), Dimensions and determinants of website brand equity: From the perspective of website contents. Frontiers of Business Research in China, 3(4), 514–542.
  7. Bianchi, C., & Pike, S. (2010), An application of the CBBE model to assess brand loyalty for a long haul travel destination, In Proceedings of the 2010 Global Marketing Conference, Korean Academy of Marketing Science, 1–23.
  8. Keller, K. L. (2001), Building customer-based brand equity: A blueprint for creating strong brands.
  9. Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016), Marketing management, 15th Edition, New Jersey: Pearson Pretice Hall, Inc.
  10. Mathew, V. T. (2014), Loyalty intentions: Does the effect of commitment, credibility and awareness vary across consumers with low and high involvement?, Journal of Indian Business Research, 6(3), 213–230.
  11. Quan, N., Chi, N., Nhung, D., Ngan, N., & Phong, L. (2020), The influence of website brand equity, e-brand experience on e-loyalty: The mediating role of e-satisfaction, Management Science Letters, 10(1), 63–76.
  12. Huang, R., & Sarigöllü, E. (2012), How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix, Journal of business research, 65(1), 92–99.
  13. Kustini, N. I. (2011), Experiential marketing, emotional branding, and brand trust and their effect on loyalty on Honda motorcycle product, Journal of Economics, Business, & Accountancy Ventura, 14(1), 19–28.
  14. Aaker, D. (1997), Brand equity, La gestione del valore della marca, 347–356.
  15. Lassar, W. M. (1995), Measuring customer‐based brand equity, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 12(4), 11–19.
  16. Bernarto, I. B. (2020), The influence of brand awareness, brand image, and brand trust on brand loyalty, Journal Manajemen, 24(3), 412–426.
  17. Netemeyer, R. G. (2004), Developing and validating measures of facets of customer-based brand equity, Journal of business research, 57(2), 209–224.
  18. Oliver, R. L. (1999), Whence consumer loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 63(4), 33–44.
  19. Chen, P.-T., & Hu, H.-H. (2010), The effect of relational benefits on perceived value in relation to customer loyalty: An empirical study in the Australian coffee outlets industry. International journal of hospitality management, 29(3), 405–412.
  20. He, H., Li, Y., & Harris, L. (2012), Social identity perspective on brand loyalty, Journal of Business Research, 65(5), 648–657.
  21. Lin, G. T. (2009), Factors influencing satisfaction and loyalty in online shopping: an integrated model. Online information review, 33(3), 458–475.
  22. Sugandhi, R. K. (2003), Customer relationship management, New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers.
  23. Sugandhi, R. K. (2003), Customer relationship management, New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers.
  24. Ahmed, Z., Rizwan, M., Ahmad, M., & Haq, M. (2014), Effect of brand trust and customer satisfaction on brand loyalty in Bahawalpur, Journal of sociological research, 306–326.
  25. Cyr, D. (2008), Modeling web site design across cultures: relationships to trust, satisfaction, and e-loyalty, Journal of management information systems, 24(4), 47–72.
  26. Biel, A. L. (1993), Brand knowledge and consumer decision making, Advances in Consumer Research, 20(1), 411–416.
  27. Yunpeng, S., & Khan, Y. A. (2023), Understanding the effect of online brand experience on customer satisfaction in China: a mediating role of brand familiarity, Current Psychology, 42(5), 3888–3903.
  28. Yoo, B., & Donthu, N. (2023), The role of brand awareness in consumer purchase decisions: A meta-analysis, Journal of Business Research, 156, 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.11.044.
  29. Keller, K. L. (2023), Strategic brand management: Building, measuring, and managing brand equity, Pearson.
  30. Zeithaml, V. A. (1996), The behavioral consequences of service quality, The Journal of Marketing, 31–46.
  31. Mathew, V. T. (2014), Loyalty intentions: Does the effect of commitment, credibility and awareness vary across consumers with low and high involvement?, Journal of Indian Business Research, 6(3), 213–230.
  32. Moorman, C. Z. (1992), Relationships between providers and users of market research: The dynamics of trust within and between organizations, Journal of marketing research, 29(3), 314–328.
  33. Shergill, G. a. (2005), Internet banking-an empirical investigation of a trust and loyalty model for New Zealand banks, Journal of Internet Commerce, 4(4), 101–118.
  34. Sirdeshmukh, D. S. (2023), The role of brand trust in building customer relationships: A conceptual framework and empirical investigation, Journal of Marketing, 87(1), 1–20.
  35. Zeithaml, V. A. (2022), Delivering service quality: Balancing customer expectations and perceptions, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  36. Parasuraman, A. Z. (1985), conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research, Journal of Marketing, 49(4), 41–50.
  37. Fornell, C., & Rust, R. T. (1994). The American Customer Satisfaction Index: Nature, purpose, and findings, Journal of Marketing, 58(2), 70–82.
  38. Slack, N. J. (2020), Influence of fast-food restaurant service quality and its dimensions on customer perceived value, satisfaction and behavioural intentions, British Food Journal, 123(4), 1324-1344.
  39. Jeong, Y., & Kim, S. (2020), A study of event quality, destination image, perceived value, tourist satisfaction, and destination loyalty among sport tourists, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 32(4), 940–960.
  40. Hsin Hsin Chang , Yao-Hua Wang & Wen-Ying Yang (2009), The impact of e-service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty on e-marketing: Moderating effect of perceived value, Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 20(4), 423-443, DOI: 10.1080/14783360902781923.
  41. Yousaf, U. Z. (2012), Studying brand loyalty in the cosmetics industry, Log-Forum, 8(4), 327–337.
  42. Dhurup, M. M. (2014), The impact of packaging, price and brand awareness on brand loyalty: evidence from the paint retailing industry: original research, Act a Commercii, 14(1), 1–9.
  43. Xu, F., Li, Y., & Zhou, J. (2015), Brand Awareness for Entrepreneurial Hotel Chains: Perceived Quality and Brand Loyalty, Anthropologist, 19(2), 763–771.
  44. Sastika, W. S. (2016, August), Analysis of website quality, brand awareness on trust and its impact on customer loyalty, In 2016 Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship. Atlantis Press, 472-478.
  45. Chaudhuri, A. &. (2001), The Chain of Effects From Brand Trust and Brand Affect to Brand Performance: The Role of Brand Loyalty, Journal of marketing, 65, 81–93.
  46. Sirdeshmukh, D. (2002), Consumer Trust, Value, and Loyalty in Relational Exchanges, Journal of Marketing, 66, 15–37.
  47. Lassoued, R., & Hobbs, J. E. (2015), Consumer confidence in credence attributes: The role of brand trust, Food Policy, 52, 99–107.
  48. Nikhashemi, S. R. (2016), The effect of customers’ perceived value of retail store on relationship between store attribute and customer brand loyalty: Some insights from Malaysia, Procedia Economics and Finance, 37, 432–438.
  49. Sohaib, M., & Han, H. (2023), Building value co-creation with social media marketing, brand trust, and brand loyalty, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 74, 103442.
  50. Hsu, Chia-Lin & Chang, Kuo‐Chien & Chen, Mu-Chen (2012), Flow Experience and Internet Shopping Behavior: Investigating the Moderating Effect of Consumer Characteristics, Systems Research and Behavioral Science.
  51. Erdogmus, Irem & Büdeyri Turan, Işıl. (2012), The role of personality congruence, perceived quality and prestige on ready-to-wear brand loyalty, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 16.
  52. Nikhashemi, S. R., Tarofder, A. K., Gaur, S. S., & Haque, A. (2016), The effect of customers’ perceived value of retail store on relationship between store attribute and customer brand loyalty: Some insights from Malaysia, Procedia Economics and Finance, 37, 432–438.
  53. Molinillo, S. A.-I.-S.-C. (2021), Social commerce website design, perceived value and loyalty behavior intentions: The moderating roles of gender, age and frequency of use, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 63, 102404.
  54. Bui, T. T., Tran, Q. T., Alang, T., & Le, T. D. (2023), Examining the relationship between digital content marketing perceived value and brand loyalty: Insights from Vietnam, Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 2225835.
  55. Reichheld, F. F. (2012), Zero defections: Quality comes to services, Harvard Business Review, 90(6), 105–111.
  56. Homburg, C., & Giering, A. (2014), Customer satisfaction and brand loyalty: A meta-analysis, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 42(1), 1–24. doi: 10.1007/s11747-013-0344-y.
  57. Mofokeng, T. E. (2021), The impact of online shopping attributes on customer satisfaction and loyalty: Moderating effects of e-commerce experience, Cogent Business & Management, 8(1), 1968206.
  58. Camilleri, M. A. (2023), Customer satisfaction and loyalty with online consumer reviews: Factors affecting revisit intentions, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 114, 103575.
  59. Nesset, E. N. (2011), Satisfaction and image as mediators of store loyalty drivers in grocery retailing, The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 21(3), 267–292.
  60. Nam, J. E. (2011), Brand equity, brand loyalty and consumer satisfaction, Annals of tourism Research, 38(3), 1009–1030.
  61. Li, H. et al. (2015), The interplay between value and service quality experience: E-loyalty development process through the ETAILQ scale and value perception - electronic commerce research, SpringerLink.
  62. Balabanis, G. R. (2006), Bases of e-store loyalty: Perceived switching barriers and satisfaction. Journal of Business Research, 214–224.
  63. Semeijn, J. V. (2005), E‐services and offline fulfilment: how e‐loyalty is created. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 15(2), 182–194.
  64. Severi, E., & Ling, K. C. (2013), The mediating effects of brand association, brand loyalty, brand image and perceived quality on brand equity, Asian Social Science, 9(3), 125.
  65. Delgado-Ballester, E., & Luis Munuera-Alem´an, J. (2005), Does brand trust matter to brand equity?, Journal of Product & Brand Management, 14(3), 187–196.
  66. Horppu, M., Kuivalainen, O., Tarkiainen, A., & Ellonen, H.-K. (2008), Online satisfaction, trust and loyalty, and the impact of the offline parent brand, Journal of Product & Brand Management, 17(6), 403–413.
  67. Jeon, H. M., & Yoo, S. R. (2021), The relationship between brand experience and consumer-based brand equity in grocerants, Service Business, 15(2), 369–389.
  68. R.G. Netemeyer (2004), Journal of Business Research, 57, 209–224.
  69. Lau, G. T. (1999), Consumers’ trust in a brand and the link to brand loyalty, Journal of Market-Focused Management, 4(4), 341–370.
  70. Anderson, R. E. (2003), E‐satisfaction and e‐loyalty: A contingency framework, Psychology & marketing, 123–138.
  71. Hair, J. (2009), Multivariate data analysis.
  72. Hair Jr, J. F. (2016), A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), Sage publications.
  73. DeVellis, R. a. (2021), Scale development: Theory and applications, Sage publications.
  74. Bagozzi, R. a. (1988), On the evaluation of structural equation models, Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16, 74–94.
  75. Fornell, C. &. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39–50.
  76. Hu, L.T. and Bentler, P.M (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural equation modeling: a multidisciplinary journal, 6(1), 1–55.
  77. Zhao, X. L. (2010), Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis, Journal of consumer research, 37(2), 197–206.
  78. Hair Jr, J. H. (2021), Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook, Springer Nature, 197.
  79. Hair, J. R. (2019), When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM, European business review, 31(1), 2–24.
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2024 Array